My approach to writing test cases involves understanding the requirements thoroughly and breaking them down into functional and non-functional aspects. I prioritize test cases based on risk and impact, ensuring critical functionalities are tested first. I use clear, concise language and include preconditions, steps, expected results, and postconditions. Automation is considered for repetitive tests, while exploratory testing is used for uncovering edge cases. Collaboration with developers and stakeholders ensures alignment and coverage.

When a bug is not reproducible, I first verify the steps and environment details provided. I collaborate with the developer to understand potential causes and review logs or code changes. If the issue remains elusive, I document it with as much detail as possible, including screenshots, logs, and steps taken. I monitor the issue over time and set up automated tests or alerts if applicable. Clear communication with the team ensures everyone is aware and can assist in resolving the issue if it reoccurs.

I have used tools like Selenium for web application testing due to its cross-browser compatibility and extensive community support. For API testing, I prefer Postman and RestAssured for their ease of use and robust features. I’ve also worked with JUnit and TestNG for unit and integration testing. These tools were chosen based on project requirements, team expertise, and scalability. Automation frameworks like Page Object Model (POM) were implemented to enhance maintainability and reusability of test scripts.

In Agile, I ensure quality by integrating testing early in the development cycle. I participate in sprint planning to understand user stories and acceptance criteria. Daily stand-ups help identify blockers early, and continuous collaboration with developers ensures quick feedback. Automated regression tests are run frequently, and exploratory testing is conducted to catch edge cases. I also advocate for code reviews and pair testing to maintain high standards. Regular retrospectives help refine processes and improve quality iteratively.

Functional testing verifies that the software meets specified requirements, focusing on features and user interactions. Examples include unit, integration, and system testing. Non-functional testing evaluates aspects like performance, scalability, security, and usability, ensuring the system behaves under various conditions. For instance, load testing checks performance under stress, while security testing identifies vulnerabilities. Both types are essential for delivering a robust product, with functional testing ensuring correctness and non-functional testing ensuring reliability and user satisfaction.